Circuit simulations are great because you can experiment with circuits and make changes with almost no effort. In Circuit VR, we look at circuits using a simulator to do experiments without having to ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

You can combine a carefully chosen op amp, a low-threshold P-channel MOSFET, and two feedback resistors to make a rectifier circuit with less forward drop than a diode (Figure 1). The rectified output ...

Minimizing the noise effects of electric and magnetic fields on op-amp circuits does not require a magician. A step-by-step procedure can tame such interference. Once you understand the basis of noise ...