The case files of mental illness are filled with half-baked theories and their drastic advocates. Wilhelm Fleiss, for example, believed that sexual hang-ups stemmed from irregularities in the nasal ...

Howard Dully got a lobotomy at age 12. "By some miracle, it didn't turn me into a zombie, or crush my spirit, or kill me," he told NPR in 2005 as an adult. "But it did affect me deeply." Lobotomies ...

A lobotomy is a type of brain surgery that involves severing the connection between the frontal lobe and other parts of the brain. Lobotomies became popular in the 1930s as a treatment for certain ...

Antônio Egas Moniz (1874-1955) of Portugal was an ambitious and multitalented person -- a neurologist, political figure, and man of letters. By the 1930s he was already known for his successful ...