Chief Justice John Roberts was confirmed to the Supreme Court in 2004 with promises that he would act with judicial restraint. Under his guidance, the Roberts court has been one of the most activist courts in Supreme Court history. It has not hesitated to overturn long-standing precedents related to voting rights, abortion, and more. It has created new theories of law, such as the major questions doctrine, to hinder policies conservative justices oppose. And it has expanded presidential power—an